Album: Cori Spezzati: Venetian Polychoral Music
Artist: Chamber Choir of Europe
Label: Brilliant Classics
If there ever was a moment where architecture and music became tied to
one another, it would be when the polychoral music of the 16th century was
tied to St. Mark’s cathedral in Venice. By placing choral members in
various positions across the chapel, the choir leaders created the first
"surround sound" experience. Cori Spezzati or, "Divided
Chorus" was the method in which this polychoral music was positioned
across the chapel to create such an effect. Of all composers working in
this genre, Giovanni Gabrieli seemed most capable of creating such magic.
This method rooted itself in Venice partially thanks to St. Mark’s
Cathedral choirmaster and composer Adrian Willaert. He formed the
connective tissue between post-Josquin De Prez composition and what we now
hear on this masterful compact disc by the Chamber Choir of Europe.
This recording, also offered as a Super Audio CD, displays the
composers who flourished under the Venetian School established by Willaert.
The Chamber Choir of Europe presents us with a dazzling performance
centered on the secular madrigal and sacred works of Andrea and Giovanni
Gabrieli and Claudio Merulo. Performances of pieces by Andrea Gabrieli,
who studied under Willaert, provide a link from the Franco-Netherlandish
style to a later style typical of Venetian polychoral music, exemplified
by his nephew, Giovanni.
Listening to these transitions, we can be thankful that Giovanni kept
copious records of his uncle’s work. He kept a scrupulous eye on the
past, but Giovanni was an innovator for his time, and even when compared
to his uncle. Andrea’s "Alla battaaglia" or "A le guancie
de rose" are simple, direct and uncomplicated compared to Giovanni’s
"Amor dove mi guidi" which employs three four-part choirs. Even
Giovanni’s "Kyrie eleison"—a massive sounding call and
response between choirs— showcases a change in composition and choir
organization from Andrea’s compositions.
Giovanni is surely the cinemascopic composer of the Venetian school of
polyphonic vocal music on this disc. His madrigals show a quality and
complexity that the other composers featured on Cori Spezzati lack.
However, Willaert, who played such an integral part in this genre, seems
shortchanged with merely one minuscule yet scintillating piece, "Oh
bene mio." The listener will benefit from hearing this piece; not
only does it refer to the root of the art form of the madrigal, but one
can follow its evolution by listening to Andrea and Giovanni Gabrieli
afterward.
Cori Spezzati makes a curious inclusion of three composers from outside
of the Venetian school, sent by their kings to study with Giovanni
Gabrieli, master his style and return to their respective countries with
their own version of the polychoral music of Venice in hand. Still, the
madrigals of Johann Grabbe, Hans Nielson and Mogens Perdersøn do serve
more than historical interest. Grabbe’s "Cor Mio" and Nielson’s
"Deh dolce anima" sound slightly more dark and brooding than
Giovanni’s preceding, "Alma cortee s’e bella." They lack the
intensity and elaborations of either Gabrieli. But their presence on this
album brings the listener a wider scope and variety of the mid-sixteenth
century’s polychoral spectrum.
Cori Spezzati is an exquisite recording. The Chamber Choir of Europe
perform near flawlessly and offer the listener a world of stereoscopic
sound and vocal beauty. Only the mostly-English liner notes pose a
problem; the lyrics are translated into German. But language should not
deter one from hearing a piece such as Giovanni’s "Kyrie eleison,"
whose vocals spiral to the heavens and almost echo or cascade off of one
another. The beauty of this piece and others on Cori Spezzati is as
impressive and miraculous as St. Mark’s itself.
Blair Fraipont lives in New York City. E-mail him at